Abstract RNA polymerase II (Pol II) core promoters are specialized DNA sequences at
transcription start sites of protein-coding and non-coding genes that support the assembly of …

Ribosomal protein genes are among the most highly expressed genes in most cell types.
Their products are generally essential for ribosome synthesis, which is the cornerstone for …

Gene transcription in animals involves the assembly of RNA polymerase II at core promoters
and its cell-type-specific activation by enhancers that can be located more distally. However …

The identities of different cells and tissues in multicellular organisms are determined by
tightly controlled transcriptional programs that enable accurate gene expression. The …

Gene expression is regulated by genomic enhancers that recruit transcription factors and
cofactors to activate transcription from target core promoters. Over the past years, thousands …

The effects of rapid acute depletion of components of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) general
transcription factors (GTFs) that are thought to be critical for formation of preinitiation …

Early studies established that transcription initiates within an approximately 50bp DNA
segment capable of nucleating the assembly of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and associated …

Transcriptional cofactors (COFs) communicate regulatory cues from enhancers to promoters
and are central effectors of transcription activation and gene expression. Although some …

The continued integrity of biological systems depends on a balance between
interdependent elements at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels. This is …

Genes are expressed in stochastic transcriptional bursts linked to alternating active and
inactive promoter states. A major challenge in transcription is understanding how promoter …