This review article reports the critical issue of reoxidation in clean steel production during
secondary refining and continuous casting processes. Reoxidation presents substantial …

Ladle shroud is a small but significant device in tundish metallurgy to facilitate both
production process and steel quality. Past decades have witnessed its evolution from a …

Plant trials were carried out to compare multiphase flow using a conventional ladle shroud
(CLS) and a trumpet-shaped ladle shroud (TLS) in a steelmaking tundish. Steel splashing …

In this article, two‐phase experimental and numerical investigations are performed to study
the effect of inert gas injection to ladle shroud on the hydrodynamic performance of tundish …

Continuous casting process is an important process to produce steel. Nowadays,
steelmakers are focusing on improving the process capabilities, efficiency, and product …

In the manufacturing of steel slabs and billets, the tundish serves as an intermediate buffer
vessel between batch wise secondary steelmaking operations and the continuous casting …

This chapter is the central part of this book. Metallurgical problems from different processes,
such as the Electric Arc Furnace, Ladle Furnace and Continuous casting are included as …

In a Continuous Caster (CC), liquid steel is transferred from the ladle into the tundish
through the ladle shroud as shown in Figure 1 (a). The liquid steel then flows into the mold …