The physiological stress response is responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis in the
presence of real or perceived challenges. In this function, the brain activates adaptive …

Here we provide a review of the animal and human literature concerning the role of the
amygdala in fear conditioning, considering its potential influence over autonomic and …

Signs and symptoms that are characteristic for depression include changes in the setpoint of
the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system, which in the majority of these …

Exposure to hostile conditions initiates responses organized to enhance the probability of
survival. These coordinated responses, known as stress responses, are composed of …

Dysregulation of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)–urocortin (UCN) system has been
implicated in stress-related psychopathologies such as depression and anxiety. It has been …

Fear is an adaptive component of the acute “stress” response to potentially-dangerous
(external and internal) stimuli which threaten to perturb homeostasis. However, when …

Social fear and avoidance of social situations represent the main behavioral symptoms of
social anxiety disorder (SAD), a highly prevalent anxiety disorder that is poorly elucidated …

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a potent mediator of endocrine, autonomic,
behavioural and immune responses to stress, and has been implicated in the stress-like and …

I. Introduction P AST studies of antidepressants have focused almost exclusively on their
effects on the metabolism and receptors of monoamine neurotransmitters in various brain …