The innate immune system is the first line of host defense, and it is capable of resisting both
exogenous pathogenic challenges and endogenous danger signals via different pattern …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Even though most AD
cases are sporadic, a small percentage is familial due to autosomal dominant mutations in …

Mitochondrial Ca 2+ signaling, which is strongly dependent on the mitochondrial Ca 2+
uniporter (MCU) complex, has a series of key roles in physiopathological processes …

Neutrophils are the first infiltrating cell type essential for combating pneumoseptic infections
by bacterial pathogens including Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPn). Following an infection or …

Microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system, are highly motile cells
that support brain development, provision neuronal signaling, and protect brain cells against …

Macrophage plasticity is essential for innate immunity, but in-depth signaling mechanism (s)
regulating their functional phenotypes are ill-defined. Here we report that interferon (IFN) γ …

TRP (Transient receptor potential) channels are integral membrane proteins consisting of a
superfamily of cation channels that allow permeability of both monovalent and divalent …

The immune system consists of various cells, organs, and processes that interact in a
sophisticated manner to defend against pathogens. Upon initial exposure to an invader …

Calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions have been shown to play an important role in
regulating various neuronal functions. In the present review we focus on the emerging role …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the
production and deposition of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau, leading …