The twenty-first century" patent litigation explosion" is not unprecedented. In fact, the
nineteenth century saw an even bigger surge of patent cases. During that era, the most …

As algorithms have become more complex, privacy and ethics scholars have urged artificial
intelligence (AI) transparency for purposes of ensuring safety and preventing discrimination …

ABSTRACT T RADE secrecy is unique among the major intellectual property (" IP") doctrines
because it is governed primarily by state law. Recently, however, a number of influential …

In 2011, Congress enacted the America Invents Act (AIA), the most substantial overhaul of
the patent system in the past sixty years. The most significant change in the AIA was the …

Prior art in patent law defines the set of materials that the United States Patent and
Trademark Office (USPTO) and courts use to determine whether the invention claimed in a …

Trade secrecy and patent rights traditionally have been considered mutually exclusive.
Trade secret rights are premised on secrecy. Without it, they evaporate. Patent rights, on the …

The most fundamental requirement of patent law is that a patented invention must be new.
Given the longstanding, foundational nature of this novelty requirement, one might expect its …

The overriding justification offered for patents has been to optimally induce innovative
technological activity by preventing free riding-that is, uncompensated appropriation of …

In contrast to the fabled" Eureka!" moment, innovation is more commonly a drawn-out,
iterative process. Even when an innovation as a whole is pioneering, it may be achieved not …

Photocopies, Patents, and Knowledge Transfer: "The Uneasy Case" of Justice Breyer's
Patentable Subject Matter Jurispru Page 1 Photocopies, Patents, and Knowledge Transfer: "The …