Movement is accomplished by the controlled activation of motor unit populations. Our
understanding of motor unit physiology has been derived from experimental work on the …

The dendrites of motoneurons are not, as once thought, passive conduits for synaptic inputs.
Instead they have voltage‐dependent channels that provide the capacity to generate a very …

Muscle paralysis after spinal cord injury is partly caused by a loss of brainstem-derived
serotonin (5-HT), which normally maintains motoneuron excitability by regulating crucial …

Numerous obstacles to successful regeneration of injured axons in the adult mammalian
spinal cord exist. Consequently, a treatment strategy inducing axonal regeneration and …

Spasticity, resulting in involuntary and sustained contractions of muscles, may evolve in
patients with stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, and spinal cord injury …

The excitability of spinal motoneurons is both fundamental for motor behavior and essential
in diagnosis of neural disorders. There are two mechanisms for altering this excitability. The …

The state of areflexia and muscle weakness that immediately follows a spinal cord injury
(SCI) is gradually replaced by the recovery of neuronal and network excitability, leading to …

Persistent inward currents (PICs) are crucial for initiation, acceleration, and maintenance of
motoneuron firing. As PICs are highly sensitive to synaptic inhibition and facilitated by …

In healthy adults, activation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A and glycine receptors inhibits
neurons as a result of low intracellular chloride concentration ([Cl–] i), which is maintained …

The adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is capable of considerable plasticity,
both in health and disease. After spinal neurotrauma, the degrees and extent of …