A large percentage of oil paintings in museum collections suffers from chemo-mechanical
degradation phenomena that are primarily due to metal soap formation. Metal soaps result …

Metal soap formation is recognised as a critical degradation mechanism in historical oil
paintings, which threatens the preservation of museum collections worldwide. Metal soaps …

Metal soaps are formed in paint layers thorough the reaction of metal ions of pigments and
fatty acids of organic binders. In this study, micro-ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging was used …

Metal soap formation is one of the most wide-spread degradation mechanisms observed in
historical oil paintings, affecting works of art from museum collections worldwide. Metal …

Abstract The formation of Pb, Zn, and Cu carboxylates (soaps) has caused visible
deterioration in hundreds of oil paintings dating from the 15th century to the present …

Works of art must be readable and well preserved in order to be accessible. Therefore, the
removal of unwanted layers (dirt, soil, aged adhesives and varnishes) is fundamental in …

Heavy metal carboxylate degradation severely affects thousands of oil paintings. Relative
humidity has been reported to accelerate the rate of the reactions. To evaluate its role …

We present the design and pilot trial of near-field communication (NFC) sensors for the long-
term preventive care of fine art objects. This work was undertaken to address the unmet …

In the past two decades, increasing attention has been paid to oil-based modern (from the
20th century onwards) binding media and their complex conservation issues, often related to …

This chapter introduces a selection of case studies of paintings that present a range of
physical manifestations of metal soaps. The phenomena include surface spots, crusts …