Emergent literacy consists of the skills, knowledge, and attitudes that are developmental
precursors to reading and writing. This article offers a preliminary typology of children's …

The self-teaching hypothesis proposes that phonological recoding functions as a self-
teaching mechanism enabling the learner to independently acquire an autonomous …

Coding as a Playground, Second Edition focuses on how young children (aged 7 and
under) can engage in computational thinking and be taught to become computer …

Computer programming is an essential skill in the 21st century and new policies and
frameworks aim at preparing students for computer science-related professions. Today, the …

This introduction to the expanding field of literacy studies has been fully revised for the
second edition. It explores recent developments and new research that has contributed to …

Alan Newell (1990) described science as a process of approximation. One theory will
replace another if it is seen as providing a better description of currently available data (pp …

Understanding Reading revolutionized reading research and theory when the first edition
appeared in 1971 and continues to be a leader in the field. In the sixth edition of this classic …

The seminal work of Russian theorist Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) has exerted a deep
influence on psychology over the past 30 years. Vygotsky was an educator turned …

At a very early age, the child is able to use and understand language correctly. Later comes
the precocious ability to “reflect” upon and deliberately control its use. Metalinguistic …

Designed to help teachers monitor their students' progress in beginning literacy, this book
describes some classroom observation tasks which have been used systematically by New …