Humans provide supplemental food to wildlife under many contexts, ranging from
professional feeding areas for game species to backyard bird feeders. Such resources …

1. Heterogeneity in the ability of hosts to transmit pathogens is among the most fundamental
concepts in disease dynamics and has major implications for disease control strategies. 2 …

Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) play an important role in many immune processes, including
control of infections, inflammation, and tissue repair. To date, little is known about the …

Highlights•Group living may confer pathogen resistance or tolerance benefits on
hosts.•Transmission of low doses of pathogens in social groups might protect individuals …

Human activities create novel food resources that can alter wildlife–pathogen interactions. If
resources amplify or dampen, pathogen transmission probably depends on both host …

Exposure and susceptibility underlie every organism's infection status, and an untold
diversity of factors can drive variation in both. Often, both exposure and susceptibility change …

Host individuals are often coinfected with diverse parasite assemblages, resulting in
complex interactions among parasites within hosts. Within hosts, priority effects occur when …

Abstract Purpose of Review Recent high-level publications have shown an intricate
connection between immune effector function and the metabolic state of the respective cells …

Fitness costs of infection are fundamental to understanding the ecology and evolution of
host–parasite interactions. However, these costs, and particularly their underlying …

Co-infections of hosts by multiple pathogen species are ubiquitous, but predicting their
impact on disease remains challenging. Interactions between co-infecting pathogens within …