Fast, high-resolution, non-destructive and quantitative characterization methods are needed
to develop materials with tailored properties at the nanoscale or to understand the …

Physical forces and mechanical properties have critical roles in cellular function, physiology
and disease. Over the past decade, atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques have …

The advent of nanotechnology, and the need to understand the chemical composition at the
nanoscale, has stimulated the convergence of IR and Raman spectroscopy with scanning …

Probing material properties at surfaces down to the single-particle scale of atoms and
molecules has been achieved, but high-resolution subsurface imaging remains a …

In atomic force microscopy a cantilever with a sharp tip attached to it is scanned over the
surface of a sample, and information about the surface is extracted by measuring how the …

Hydration layers are ubiquitous in life and technology. Hence, interfacial aqueous layers
have a central role in a wide range of phenomena from materials science to molecular and …

The nanomechanical properties of living cells, such as their surface elastic response and
adhesion, have important roles in cellular processes such as morphogenesis, mechano …

A method that combines high spatial resolution, quantitative and non-destructive mapping of
surfaces and interfaces is a long standing goal in nanoscale microscopy. The method would …

Biomass is created by living things like plants, animals, and microbes. It has the
characteristics of abundant reserves, renewable, biodegradable and environmentally …

The displacement of micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) cantilevers is used to
measure a broad variety of phenomena in devices ranging from force microscopes to …