Neuromodulation is an expanding area of pain medicine that incorporates an array of non-
invasive, minimally invasive, and surgical electrical therapies. In this Series paper, we focus …

Chronic pain is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by sensory, cognitive,
and affective symptoms. Over the past 2 decades, researchers have made significant …

Cluster headache is an excruciating, strictly one-sided pain syndrome with attacks that last
between 15 minutes and 180 minutes and that are accompanied by marked ipsilateral …

Background The clinical picture, but also neuroimaging findings, suggested the brainstem
and midbrain structures as possible driving or generating structures in migraine. Findings …

Background This narrative review aims to broaden our understanding of the epidemiology,
burden and clinical spectrum of cluster headache based on updated findings with a global …

Chronic pain (pain lasting for> 3 months) decreases patient quality of life and even
occupational abilities. It can be controlled by treatment, but often persists even after …

Abstract Purpose of Review We reviewed the literature that explored the use of central and
peripheral neuromodulation techniques for chronic daily headache (CDH) treatment. Recent …

Background Preventive treatment for refractory chronic cluster headache (rCCH) is
challenging and many therapies have been tried. Objective To study what could be …

OBJECTIVE Suboptimal lead placement is one of the most common indications for deep
brain stimulation (DBS) revision procedures. Confirming lead placement in relation to the …

Objective Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a treatment option for refractory chronic cluster
headache (CCH). Despite several recent prospective case series reporting a good outcome …