HIV-1 remains a global health concern and to date, nearly 38 million people are living with
HIV. The complexity of HIV-1 pathogenesis and its subsequent prevalence is influenced by …

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been shown to replicate productively in
cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage, although replication occurs to a lesser extent …

Objective Human immunodeficiency virus‐1 (HIV‐1) causes mild to severe cognitive
impairment and dementia. The transactivator viral protein, Tat, is implicated in neuronal …

The intrinsically disordered HIV-1 Tat protein binds the viral RNA transactivation response
structure (TAR), which recruits transcriptional cofactors, amplifying viral mRNA expression …

Most studies of cognitive functioning in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-
seropositive (HIV-1+) subjects have been done in the United States and Europe, where …

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) trans-activator of transcription protein Tat
is an important factor in viral pathogenesis. In addition to its function as the key trans …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dementia (HAD) is common among clade
B HIV-infected individuals, but less common and less severe among individuals infected …

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) promoter or long‐terminal repeat (LTR)
regulates viral gene expression by interacting with multiple viral and host factors. The viral …

Background HIV-1 produces Tat, a crucial protein for transcription, viral replication, and CNS
neurotoxicity. Tat interacts with TAR, enhancing HIV reverse transcription. Subtype C Tat …

The establishment of HIV-1 latency can result from limiting levels of transcription initiation or
elongation factors, restrictive chromatin modifications, transcriptional interference, and …