Mechanisms of theory formation in young children

A Gopnik, L Schulz - Trends in cognitive sciences, 2004 - cell.com
Research suggests that by the age of five, children have extensive causal knowledge, in the
form of intuitive theories. The crucial question for developmental cognitive science is how …

How children learn from others: An analysis of selective word learning

DM Sobel, Z Finiasz - Child Development, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
One way children are remarkable learners is that they learn from others. Critically, children
are selective when assessing from whom to learn, particularly in the domain of word …

Exploration, explanation, and parent–child interaction in museums

MA Callanan, CH Legare, DM Sobel… - Monographs of the …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Young children develop causal knowledge through everyday family conversations and
activities. Children's museums are an informative setting for studying the social context of …

Serious fun: preschoolers engage in more exploratory play when evidence is confounded.

LE Schulz, EB Bonawitz - Developmental psychology, 2007 - psycnet.apa.org
Researchers, educators, and parents have long believed that children learn cause and
effect relationships through exploratory play. However, previous research suggests that …

[图书][B] Causal learning: Psychology, philosophy, and computation

A Gopnik, L Schulz, LE Schulz - 2007 - books.google.com
Understanding causal structure is a central task of human cognition. Causal learning
underpins the development of our concepts and categories, our intuitive theories, and our …

Mature counterfactual reasoning in 4-and 5-year-olds

A Nyhout, PA Ganea - Cognition, 2019 - Elsevier
Counterfactual reasoning is a hallmark of the human imagination. Recently, researchers
have argued that children do not display genuine counterfactual reasoning until they can …

Improbable or impossible? How children reason about the possibility of extraordinary events

A Shtulman, S Carey - Child development, 2007 - Wiley Online Library
The present study investigated the development of possibility‐judgment strategies between
the ages of 4 and 8. In Experiment 1, 48 children and 16 adults were asked whether a …

Can being scared cause tummy aches? Naive theories, ambiguous evidence, and preschoolers' causal inferences.

LE Schulz, EB Bonawitz, TL Griffiths - Developmental psychology, 2007 - psycnet.apa.org
Causal learning requires integrating constraints provided by domain-specific theories with
domain-general statistical learning. In order to investigate the interaction between these …

Developing intuitions about free will between ages four and six

T Kushnir, A Gopnik, N Chernyak, E Seiver… - Cognition, 2015 - Elsevier
Our folk psychology includes intuitions about free will; we believe that our intentional acts
are choices and that, when such actions are not constrained, we are free to act otherwise. In …

Differentiating “could” from “should”: Developmental changes in modal cognition

A Shtulman, J Phillips - Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2018 - Elsevier
Young children have difficulty in distinguishing events that violate physical laws (impossible
events) from those that violate mere physical regularities (improbable events). They judge …