The past decade has witnessed ongoing progress in precision medicine to improve human
health. As an emerging diagnostic technique, liquid biopsy can provide real-time …

Over the last decades, the concept of precision medicine has dramatically renewed the field
of medical oncology; the introduction of patient-tailored therapies has significantly improved …

Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles released from various cells, and they can be
found in different bodily fluids. Exosomes have been utilized as biomarkers to diagnose …

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are rare cancer cells that are shed from primary or metastatic
tumors into the peripheral blood circulation. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of …

The importance of early cancer diagnosis and improved cancer therapy has been clear for
years and has initiated worldwide research towards new possibilities in the care strategy of …

The advancement of microfluidics has enabled numerous discoveries and technologies in
life sciences. However, due to the lack of industry standards and configurability, the design …

Cancer occurs when cells acquire genomic instability and inflammation, produce abnormal
levels of epigenetic factors/proteins and tumor suppressors, reprogram the energy …

Precision medicine and personalized medicine are based on the development of
biomarkers, and liquid biopsy has been reported to be able to detect biomarkers that carry …

Circulating tumor cell clusters (CTC clusters) are potent initiators of metastasis and
potentially useful clinical markers for patients with cancer. Although there are numerous …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a promising approach for
engineering functional tissues and organs by layer-by-layer precise positioning of biological …