Abstract The PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PAM) signaling pathway is a highly conserved signal
transduction network in eukaryotic cells that promotes cell survival, cell growth, and cell …

The phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase (PI3K)–AKT pathway is one of the most commonly
dysregulated pathways in all of cancer, with somatic mutations, copy number alterations …

In this review we examine the mechanisms (causes) underlying the increased glucose
consumption observed in tumors within a teleological context (consequences). In other …

Fucoidan is composed of l-fucose, sulfate groups and one or more small proportions of d-
xylose, d-mannose, d-galactose, l-rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, d-glucuronic acid and …

Breast cancer is a common malignancy with current biological therapies tailored to steroid
hormone (ER, PR) and HER2 receptor status. Understanding the biological basis of …

Inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase-II (INPP4B) is a regulator of the phosphoinositide 3-
kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway and is implicated as a tumor suppressor in epithelial …

AKT/PKB serine threonine kinase, a critical signaling molecule promoting cell growth and
survival pathways, is frequently dysregulated in many cancers. Although …

Simple Summary Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women
worldwide. Breast cancer may be provoked due to several physical, chemical and …

Background Flat epithelial atypia (FEA) of the breast is characterised by a few layers of
mildly atypical luminal epithelial cells. Genetic changes found in ductal carcinoma in situ …

Abstract Phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase (PI3K) is a key player in cell-growth signaling in a
number of lymphoid malignancies, but its role in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has …