In the future we will be phasing out the use of fossil fuels in favour of more sustainable forms
of energy, especially solar derived forms such as hydroelectric, wind and photovoltaic …

Hydrogen is one of the most common elements in Earth's crust, but it does not occur to a
significant extent in elemental form. It is mostly present in water, biomass, and fossil …

Atomic defects in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as chalcogen
vacancies significantly affect their properties. In this work, we provide a reproducible and …

Publisher Summary This chapter provides an overview of methanol synthesis. Methanol
synthesis is a process of major industrial importance consisting of the hydrogenation of …

1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Principles of ultrahigh vacuum techniques 2 1.2. 1 Why is UHV
necessary? 2 1.2. 2 Production of ultrahigh vacuum 3 1.2. 3 Pressure measurement 4 1.2. 4 …

Advances in the field of electrocatalysis over the past several decades have been driven
both by improvements in fundamental techniques for probing the solid–liquid …

More than five years have passed since the first edition of this book was published. Surface
science is still a very active field of research, and the fact that the Nobel Prize 2007 in …

The importance of various oxygenates as fuels and as chemical intermediates and products
continues to grow. Alcohols and aldehydes have also been the subjects of numerous …

X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is commonly applied for the characterization of
surfaces in ultrahigh vacuum apparatus, but the application of XPS at elevated pressures …

The surface and near-surface regions of an active catalyst and the adjacent gas-phase
reactants were investigated simultaneously under reaction conditions using in situ X-ray …