Bile acids have received considerable interest in the drug delivery research due to their
peculiar physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. The main advantage of bile acids …

The intestinal reclamation of bile acids is crucial for the maintenance of their enterohepatic
circulation. The majority of bile acids are actively absorbed via specific transport proteins …

Oral drug administration is one of the most preferred and simplest routes among both
patients and formulation scientists. Nevertheless, orally delivery of some of the most widely …

The liver takes up bile salts from blood to generate bile, enabling absorption of lipophilic
nutrients and excretion of metabolites and drugs. Human Na+–taurocholate co-transporting …

Bile acids (BAs) are facial amphiphiles synthesized in the body of all vertebrates. They
undergo the enterohepatic circulation: they are produced in the liver, stored in the …

Bile acids are synthesized in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and secreted into the
duodenum at meals. Apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT), an ileal Na+ …

It is generally thought that many drug molecules are transported across biological
membranes via passive diffusion at a rate related to their lipophilicity. However, the types of …

In the absence of three-dimensional (3D) structures of potential drug targets, ligand-based
drug design is one of the popular approaches for drug discovery and lead optimization. 3D …

Transmembrane transport of small organic and inorganic molecules is one of the
cornerstones of cellular metabolism. Among transmembrane transporters, solute carrier …

Membrane transporters expressed by the hepatocyte and enterocyte play critical roles in
maintaining the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, an effective recycling and …