Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of
melanocytes. Although melanoma has long been regarded as a cancerous malignancy with …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine present in tumor microenvironment. Elevated level
of IL-6 is associated with cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis through …

Secretion of C–C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) by mammary tumours recruits CCR2-
expressing inflammatory monocytes to primary tumours and metastatic sites, and CCL2 …

Background Wnt proteins are important for developmental processes and certain diseases.
WNT5A is a non-canonical Wnt protein that previously has been shown to play a role in the …

Proper placental development and function are central to the health of both the mother and
the fetus during pregnancy. A critical component of healthy placental function is the proper …

Tumor growth and progression are the products of complex signaling networks between
different cell types within the tumor and its surrounding stroma. In particular, established …

Ambivalent effects of interleukin-6 on the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke have been
reported. However, to date, the long-term actions of interleukin-6 after stroke have not been …

During the past decade, incorporating anti-angiogenic agents into the therapeutic
management of a myriad of malignancies has in certain cases made a significant impact on …

Abstract Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), which is an ankyrin repeat-containing serine/threonine
protein kinase, interacts with integrin β1 and the β3 cytoplasmic domain and phosphorylates …

Visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is an adipokine expressed
predominately in visceral fat tissues. High circulating levels of visfatin/NAMPT have been …