Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by unprovoked seizures. γ-
Aminobutyric acid (GABA) serves as the primary fast inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain …

Successful treatment of hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) can result in the resolution of its
sequelae including epilepsy and rage attacks. Risks and morbidity of open surgical …

Hypothalamic hamartomas present with isolated fits of ictal laughter (gelastic epilepsy) or a
combination of gelastic and other types of seizures. Many of these patients also suffer from …

Hypothalamic hamartomas (HH s) are congenital malformations of the ventral hypothalamus
resulting in treatment‐resistant epilepsy and are intrinsically epileptogenic for the gelastic …

The cation-Cl− cotransporter KCC2, encoded by SLC12A5, is required for the emergence
and maintenance of GABAergic fast synaptic inhibition in organisms across evolution. These …

Background The ratio between excitatory (glutamatergic) and inhibitory (GABAergic) inputs
into maturing individual cortical neurons influences their epileptic potential. Structural factors …

Hypothalamic hamartomas are uncommon but well-recognized developmental
malformations that are classically associated with gelastic seizures and other refractory …

Despite huge improvements in neurobiological approaches for investigating the functional
properties of neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels, many difficulties are still …

Human hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) is a rare developmental malformation often
characterized by gelastic seizures, which are refractory to medical therapy. Ictal EEG …

Abstract γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) generally induces hyperpolarization and inhibition in
the adult brain, but causes depolarization (and can be excitatory) in the immature brain …