The melanopsin-expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are
a relatively recently discovered class of atypical ganglion cell photoreceptor. These ipRGCs …

The mammalian visual system encodes information over a remarkable breadth of
spatiotemporal scales and light intensities. This performance originates with its complement …

Light around twilight provides the primary entrainment signal for circadian rhythms. Here we
review the mechanisms and responses of the mouse and human circadian systems to light …

Synaptic interactions to extract information about wavelength, and thus color, begin in the
vertebrate retina with three classes of light-sensitive cells: rod photoreceptors at low light …

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) combine direct photosensitivity
through melanopsin with synaptically mediated drive from classical photoreceptors through …

Melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs, with five
subtypes named M1–M5) are a unique subclass of RGCs with axons that project directly to …

Image-and non-image-forming vision are essential for animal behavior. Here we use
genetically modified mouse lines to examine retinal circuits driving image-and non-image …

Melanopsin ganglion cells have defied convention since their discovery almost 20 years
ago. In the years following, many types of these intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion …

In the retina, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) which express
photopigment melanopsin have been identified as photoreceptors which differ from cones …

The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus is the principal conduit for
visual information from retina to visual cortex. Viewed initially as a simple relay, recent …