The prevalence of heart failure is on the rise and imposes a major health threat, in part, due
to the rapidly increased prevalence of overweight and obesity. To this point …

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a result of diabetes-induced changes in the structure and
function of the heart. Hyperglycemia affects multiple pathways in the diabetic heart, but …

Oxidative stress basically defines a condition in which prooxidant–antioxidant balance in the
cell is disturbed; cellular biomolecules undergo severe oxidative damage, ultimately …

Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality among the diabetic
population. Both experimental and clinical evidence suggest that diabetic subjects are …

The heart is capable of responding to stressful situations by increasing muscle mass, which
is broadly defined as cardiac hypertrophy. This phenomenon minimizes ventricular wall …

The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of metabolic disorders including obesity,
hypertension, and insulin resistance, components which are risk factors for the development …

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a heart muscle-specific disease that increases the risk of heart
failure and mortality in diabetic patients independent of vascular pathology. Mitochondria …

Cardiac autophagy is inhibited in type 1 diabetes. However, it remains unknown if the
reduced autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We …

Irisin, the cleaved form of the fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5) protein, is
involved in metabolism and inflammation. Recent findings indicated that irisin participated in …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) contributes to sustained inflammation and myopathic
changes in the heart although the precise interplay between the two remains largely …