At present, six groups of chronic pulmonary hypertension (PH) are described. Among these,
group 1 (and 1′) comprises a group of diverse diseases termed pulmonary arterial …

Severe forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are characterized by various
degrees of remodeling of the pulmonary arterial vessels, which increases the pulmonary …

Progression of pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased proliferation and
migration of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells. PDGF is a potent mitogen and …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a syndrome in which pulmonary arterial
obstruction increases pulmonary vascular resistance, which leads to right ventricular (RV) …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disorder characterized by progressive
obliteration of small pulmonary arteries that leads to elevated pulmonary arterial pressure …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex disease that causes significant
morbidity and mortality and is clinically characterized by an increase in pulmonary vascular …

Primary pulmonary hypertension is a fatal disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction,
hypercontraction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and migration …

Rationale: In cigarette smoking–induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, structural
and functional derangements are characterized by parenchymal destruction and pulmonary …

Background—Pulmonary vascular injury by toxins can induce neointimal formation,
pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), right ventricular failure, and death. We showed …

The loss of pulmonary vessels has been shown to be related to the severity of pulmonary
hypertension in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The severity of …