Epidemiologic studies have previously suggested that premenopausal females have
reduced incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) when compared to age-matched males …

Cardiac arrhythmias are among the leading causes of mortality. They often arise from
alterations in the electrophysiological properties of cardiac cells and their underlying ionic …

There is an increasing awareness that sex is a major determinant of the incidence,
aetiology, and clinical presentation of arrhythmias, and that there are sex differences in …

The human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) encodes the pore-forming subunit of the
rapid component of the delayed rectifier K+ channel, Kv11. 1, which are expressed in the …

Ion channels represent the molecular entities that give rise to the cardiac action potential,
the fundamental cellular electrical event in the heart. The concerted function of these …

Drug-induced ventricular tachyarrhythmias can be caused by cardiovascular drugs,
noncardiovascular drugs, and even nonprescription agents. They can result in arrhythmic …

There are few studies on catheter ablation in the pregnant patient. In general, this option
should only be undertaken in a situation where reasonable medical therapy is ineffective …

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the clinically most prevalent rhythm disorder with large impact on
quality of life and increased risk for hospitalizations and mortality in both men and women. In …

Sex-specific differences in the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, clinical
treatment, and clinical outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF), sustained ventricular arrhythmias …

Background: The time variation between consecutive heartbeats is commonly referred to as
heart rate variability (HRV). Loss of complexity in HRV has been documented in several …