The precise orchestration of hormonal regulation at all levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-
gonadal axis is essential for normal reproductive function and fertility. The pulsatile secretion …

Reproduction and fertility are regulated via hormones of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal
(HPG) axis. Control of this reproductive axis occurs at all levels, including the brain and …

BACKGROUND Human reproduction depends on an intact hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal
(HPG) axis. Hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) has been recognized …

GnRH and its analogs are used extensively for the treatment of hormone-dependent
diseases and assisted reproductive techniques. They also have potential as novel …

Objective Fertility may be defined as a capacity to conceive and produce offspring. Infertility
is characterized by failure to establish a clinical pregnancy after 12 months of regular and …

GnRh plays an essential role in neuroendocrine control of reproductive function. in
mammals, the pattern of gonadotropin secretion includes both pulse and surge phases …

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plays fundamental roles in male and female fertility. FSH
is a heterodimeric glycoprotein expressed by gonadotrophs in the anterior pituitary. The …

Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the pituitary secretion of both
luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and thus controls the …

Endocrine pituitary cells are neuronlike; they express numerous voltage-gated sodium,
calcium, potassium, and chloride channels and fire action potentials spontaneously …

Pituitary gonadotropins are critical regulators of gonadal development and function.
Expression and secretion of the mature hormones are regulated by gonadotropin-releasing …