Avian paramyxovirus serotype 4 (APMV-4) is found sporadically in wild birds worldwide, and
it is an economically important poultry pathogen. Despite the existence of several published …

ABSTRACT Avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs)(subfamily Avulavirinae) have been isolated
from over 200 species of wild and domestic birds around the world. The International …

There have been three waves of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in
commercial, backyard poultry, and wild birds in Ukraine. The first (2005–2006) and second …

Background: Antibiotic resistance is becoming an increasingly urgent problem for human
and animal health due to the widespread use of antibiotics in medicine, veterinary medicine …

Due to its physiographic characteristics, Northeast Asia plays a key role in the abundance,
distribution, and migration ecology of wild bird species (Sharshov et al., 2010). These mobile …

In recent years, avian paramyxovirus type 4 (APMV-4) frequently isolated from wild and
domestic bird populations particularly waterfowls worldwide. However, molecular …

Avian paramyxoviruses (APMV) belong to the subfamily Avulavirinae of the family
Paramyxoviridae and include 22 distinct subtypes or serotypes (1–22). Avian paramyxovirus …

Emerging RNA virus infections are a growing concern among domestic poultry industries
due to the severe impact they can have on flock health and economic livelihoods. Avian …

As an economically important poultry pathogen, avian paramyxovirus serotype 4 (APMV-4)
frequently reported and isolated from domestic and wild birds particularly waterfowls …

Avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV-1), synonymous with Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a
worldwide viral agent that infects various avian species and responsible for outbreaks of …