Political pronouncements and policy statements include much conjecture concerning the
health and behavioral effects of economic decline. We both summarize empirical research …

In recent years, significant advances have been made in better understanding the complex
relationships between health and development. This reflects the combined effects of …

Regardless of type, level and magnitude, a crisis has an effect on the tourism sector.
Although numerous studies have investigated tourism crises, most of them concentrate on …

Population aging is the 21st century's dominant demographic phenomenon. Declining
fertility, increasing longevity, and the progression of large-sized cohorts to the older ages are …

Background Widespread social distancing and lockdowns of everyday activity have been
the primary policy prescription across many countries throughout the coronavirus disease …

Health and income are strongly correlated both within and across countries, yet the extent to
which improvements in income have a causal effect on health status remains controversial …

Do aggregate income shocks, such as those caused by macroeconomic crises or droughts,
reduce child human capital? The answer to this question has important implications for …

The effects of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) public health policies on non-COVID-19-
related mortality are unclear. Here, using death registries based on 300 million Chinese …

The paper aims to provide a perspective on old age poverty. It reviews the available
evidence on the incidence of old age poverty emerging from survey data analysis and from …

This paper investigates the persistent effects of negative shocks in utero and in infancy on
low-income children's health and cognitive outcomes and examines whether timing of …