Oxidative stress (OS) has greatly interested the research community in understanding
damaging processes occurring in cells. OS is triggered by an imbalance between reactive …

The transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) modulates gene expression in diverse
cellular processes such as innate immune response, embryogenesis and organ …

Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the overproduction and incorporation of free
radicals and the dynamic ability of a biosystem to detoxify reactive intermediates. Free …

Human cells have to deal with the constant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Although ROS overproduction might be harmful to cell biology, there are plenty of data …

NF-κB proteins are a family of transcription factors that are of central importance in
inflammation and immunity. NF-κB also plays important roles in other processes, including …

Aerobic life requires organisms to resist the damaging effects of ROS (reactive oxygen
species), particularly during stress. Extensive research has established a detailed picture of …

The ubiquitin–proteasome pathway (UPP) is the primary cytosolic proteolytic machinery for
the selective degradation of various forms of damaged proteins. Thus, the UPP is an …

Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in coordinating
innate and adaptive immunity, inflammation, and apoptotic cell death. NF-κB is activated by …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical or
hydroxyl radical, play an important role in inflammation processes as well as in transduction …

Oxidative damage and inflammation are related to the pathogenesis of age-related macular
degeneration (AMD). Epidemiologic studies suggest that insufficient dietary lutein and …