In this paper, we review and analyze the salient features of the ongoing energy transition
from a high to a low carbon economy. Our analysis shows that this transition will require …

The way to decarbonization will be characterized by the huge production of hydrogen
through sustainable routes. Thus, the basic production way is water electrolysis sustained by …

Worldwide production capacities of carbon‐based chemicals and associated products are
steadily increasing. At the same time the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions such as …

Steel demand is going to grow in the next future. With the present production routes,
greenhouse gas emissions are destined to double by 2050 with a very remarkable effect on …

This study investigates the interactions between a steel industry that applies hydrogen direct
reduction (H-DR) and the electricity system of northern Europe. We apply a techno …

Iron and steel are valuable commodities worldwide. Pig iron is produced mainly by blast
furnaces, being the primary raw material used in steel manufacturing. The ironmaking sector …

Towards the target of carbon neutrality, the need for deep decarbonization in iron and steel
industry is increasingly recognized. Existing studies rarely mention the effects of …

The iron and steel industry in China is suffering from the burden of overcapacity, structural
adjustment and upgrading. In order to analyse and improve the energy efficiency, the life …

The present paper illustrates an innovative steel processing route developed by employing
hydrogen direct reduced pellets and an open slag bath furnace. The paper illustrates the …

The global needing for greenhouse emissions and energy consumption reduction led, in the
recent past, to the increased scientific and industrial interest in the development of …