Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) biomineralizing organisms have played major roles in the
history of life and the global carbon cycle during the past 541 Ma. Both marine diversification …

Because free therapeutic drug molecules often have adverse effects on normal tissues,
deliver scanty drug concentrations and exhibit a potentially low efficacy at pathological sites …

Biomineralization is a natural process of mineral formation mediated by biomacromolecules,
allowing access to hierarchical structures integrating biological, chemical, and material …

Biomineralization is a normal physiological process that includes nucleation, crystal growth,
phase transformation, and orientation evolution. Notably, artificially induced …

Fabrication of mineralized materials through the nature‐mimicking dynamic
biomineralization process has attracted great interest but remains a huge challenge till now …

Bone mineralization is a ubiquitous process among vertebrates that involves a dynamic
physical/chemical interplay between the organic and inorganic components of bone tissues …

Analysis of cellular ultrastructure dynamics and metal ions' fate can provide insights into the
interaction between living organisms and metal ions. Here, we directly visualize the …

Some mollusc shells are formed from an amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) compound,
which further transforms into a crystalline material. The transformation mechanism is not fully …

During skeletal development, bone growth and mineralization require transport of
substantial amounts of calcium, while maintaining very low concentration. How an organism …

Modern synthetic technology generally invokes high temperatures to control the hydration
level of ceramics, but even the state-of-the-art technology can still only control the overall …