The rapid diversification of early animals during the Ediacaran (635–541 Ma) and early
Cambrian (ca. 541–509 Ma) has frequently been attributed to increasing oceanic …

The CHONS elements that constitute the outgassed atmosphere and exosphere have likely
been delivered by chondritic materials to the Earth during planetary accretion and …

Experiment and observation have established the centrality of oxygen fugacity (f O 2) to
determining the course of igneous differentiation, and so the development and application of …

Abstract The Devonian–Carboniferous transition marks a fundamental shift in the surface
environment primarily related to changes in ocean–atmosphere oxidation states,, resulting …

The redox evolution of Archean upper mantle impacted mantle melting and the nature of
chemical equilibrium between mantle, ocean and atmosphere of the early Earth. Yet, the …

Metamorphic devolatilization of subducted slabs generates aqueous fluids that ascend into
the mantle wedge, driving the partial melting that produces arc magmas. These magmas …

Abstract The Fe–Mg exchange coefficient between olivine (ol) and melt (m), defined as Kd _
Fe^ T-Mg Kd Fe T-Mg=(Fe ol/Fe m)·(Mg m/Mg ol), with all Fe T expressed as Fe 2+, is one of …

Porphyry ore deposits, Earth's most important resources of copper, molybdenum, and
rhenium, are strongly associated with felsic magmas showing signs of high-pressure …

The chemical exchange between the atmosphere, crust and mantle depends on sediment
recycling via subduction. However, it remains unclear how atmospherically modified …

Most known porphyry Cu deposits formed in the Phanerozoic and are exclusively associated
with moderately oxidized, sulfur-rich, hydrous arc-related magmas derived from partial …