Numerous mitochondrial constituents and metabolic products can function as damage-
associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and promote inflammation when released into the …

The cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway has
emerged as a critical innate immune pathway that, following engagement by DNA, promotes …

Low-grade inflammation is a hallmark of old age and a central driver of ageing-associated
impairment and disease. Multiple factors can contribute to ageing-associated inflammation; …

As brutally demonstrated by the COVID-19 pandemic, an effective immune system is
essential for survival. Developed over evolutionary time, viral nucleic acid detection is a …

The cGAS–STING signalling pathway has emerged as a key mediator of inflammation in the
settings of infection, cellular stress and tissue damage. Underlying this broad involvement of …

Cells are equipped with numerous sensors that recognize nucleic acids, which probably
evolved for defence against viruses. Once triggered, these sensors stimulate the production …

Endogenous cytoplasmic DNA (cytoDNA) species are emerging as key mediators of
inflammation in diverse physiological and pathological contexts. Although the role of …

Host defense against viral pathogens is an essential function for all living organisms. In cell-
intrinsic innate immunity, dedicated sensor proteins recognize molecular signatures of …

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a potent agonist of the innate immune system; however, the
exact immunostimulatory features of mtDNA and the kinetics of detection by cytosolic nucleic …

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key driver of several inflammatory diseases, such as
rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis, in which affected tissues …