Spinal cord injury remains a scientific and therapeutic challenge with great cost to
individuals and society. The goal of research in this field is to find a means of restoring lost …

▪ Abstract Nerve regeneration is a complex biological phenomenon. In the peripheral
nervous system, nerves can regenerate on their own if injuries are small. Larger injuries …

The discovery of stem cells that can generate neural tissue has raised new possibilities for
repairing the nervous system. A rush of papers proclaiming adult stem cell plasticity has …

Cell signaling plays a key role in the development of all multicellular organisms. Numerous
studies have established the importance of Hedgehog signaling in a wide variety of …

Recent progress shows that neurons suitable for transplantation can be generated from
stem cells in culture, and that the adult brain produces new neurons from its own stem cells …

Neurogenesis occurs in the adult mammalian brain and may play roles in learning and
memory processes and recovery from injury, suggesting that abnormalities in neural …

Polysialic acid (PSA) is a linear homopolymer of α2-8-N acetylneuraminic acid whose major
carrier in vertebrates is the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). PSA serves as a potent …

Hedgehog pathway activation is required for expansion of specific neuronal precursor
populations during development and is etiologic in the human cerebellar tumor …

The mechanisms that regulate the growth of the brain remain unclear. We show that Sonic
hedgehog (Shh) is expressed in a layer-specific manner in the perinatal mouse neocortex …

Stem cell transplants into spinal cord lesions may help to improve regeneration and spinal
cord function. Clinical studies are necessary for transferring preclinical findings from animal …