Central and peripheral insulin-like peptides (ILPs), which include insulin, insulin-like growth
factor 1 (IGF1) and IGF2, exert many effects in the brain. Through their actions on brain …

Since the original somatomedin hypothesis was conceived, a number of important
discoveries have allowed investigators to modify the concept. Originally somatic growth was …

Introduction H YPOPHYSECTOMIZED rats have a defect in the synthesis of matrix protein
which is rapidly repaired by the administration of GH in vivo. In 1957, it was first reported that …

Insulin‐like growth factors (IGFs) are essential for growth and survival that suppress
apoptosis and promote cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, and metastatic activities in …

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) mediates the majority of the growth-promoting effects of
growth hormone (GH) after birth. 1 In the prenatal period, GH does not appear to have a …

Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic disease, with white adipose tissue (WAT)
inflammation emerging as a key underlying pathology. Alongside its major role in energy …

E. Functional development 1. Ontogeny of steroidogenic activity 2. Functional zonation and
ontogeny of steroidogenic enzyme expression 3. Responsiveness to ACTH III. Regulation A …

OVER the past few years, considerable evidence has accumulated to challenge the
accepted view of the regulation of adrenocortical function. Conventionally, the cortex and …

In recent years, much interest has been devoted to defining the role of the IGF system in the
nervous system. The ubiquitous IGFs, their cell membrane receptors, and their carrier …

Insulin-like growth factors (IGF) I and II are two peptides which have been isolated originally
from a Cohn fraction of human serum [1]. The designation IGF has been proposed [2] to …