Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies that target two key signalling
pathways related to T cell activation and exhaustion, by binding to and inhibiting cytotoxic T …

Immune checkpoints are small molecules expressed by immune cells that play critical roles
in maintaining immune homeostasis. Targeting the immune checkpoints cytotoxic T …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the standard of care for the treatment of several
cancers. While these immunotherapies have improved patient outcomes in many clinical …

Monoclonal antibodies targeted against the immune checkpoint molecules CTLA-4 and PD-
1 have recently obtained approval for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and …

Background Targeting CTLA-4 is a recent strategic approach in cancer control: blocking
CTLA-4 enhances an antitumor immunity by promoting T-cell activation and cytotoxic T …

Purpose: To review immune checkpoint inhibitor indications and ophthalmic side effects.
Methods: A literature review was performed using a PubMed search for publications …

Introduction Advances in immunotherapy have transformed the management of metastatic
melanoma and generated encouraging results in the treatment of other malignancies …

Background Since 2011 six immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been approved to treat
patients with many advanced solid tumor and hematological malignancies to improve their …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have increasingly been the mainstay of treatment for
numerous malignancies. However, due to their association with autoimmunity, ICIs have …

Introduction: Immune-related ocular toxicities are uncommon but serious adverse events that
may be associated with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The objective of this review …