The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a central role in the regulation of stomatal
movements under water‐deficit conditions. The identification of ABA receptors and the ABA …

Stomatal responses to humidity, soil moisture and other factors that influence plant water
status are critical drivers of photosynthesis, productivity, water yield, ecohydrology and …

Highlights•ABA triggers a robust signal network that controls stomatal closing.•Guard cell
ABA levels are controlled by biosynthesis, catabolism, and transport.•SnRK2s and CPKs are …

Contents I. Introduction 295 II. Evolution of the Plant Vascular System 295 III. Phloem
Development & Differentiation 300 IV. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Xylem Cell …

The acquisition of stomata is one of the key innovations that led to the colonisation of the
terrestrial environment by the earliest land plants. However, our understanding of the origin …

Guard cells form epidermal stomatal gas-exchange valves in plants and regulate the
aperture of stomatal pores in response to changes in the carbon dioxide (CO 2) …

Since the first recordings of single potassium channel activities in the plasma membrane of
guard cells more than 25 years ago, patch-clamp studies discovered a variety of ion …

The rate of CO 2 assimilation by plants is directly influenced by the concentration of CO 2 in
the atmosphere, ca. As an environmental variable, ca also has a unique global and historic …

Grasses began to diversify in the late Cretaceous Period and now dominate more than one
third of global land area, including three-quarters of agricultural land. We hypothesize that …

Stomata are an attractive experimental system in plant biology, because the responses of
guard cells to environmental signals can be directly linked to changes in the aperture of …