Gadolinium: pharmacokinetics and toxicity in humans and laboratory animals following contrast agent administration

J Davies, P Siebenhandl-Wolff, F Tranquart… - Archives of …, 2022 - Springer
Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have transformed magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) by facilitating the use of contrast-enhanced MRI to allow vital clinical diagnosis in a …

The significance of macrophage polarization subtypes for animal models of tissue fibrosis and human fibrotic diseases

PJ Wermuth, SA Jimenez - Clinical and translational medicine, 2015 - Springer
The systemic and organ-specific human fibrotic disorders collectively represent one of the
most serious health problems world-wide causing a large proportion of the total world …

The role of gadolinium chelates in the mechanism of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a critical update

JM Idée, N Fretellier, C Robic… - Critical reviews in …, 2014 - Taylor & Francis
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is an iatrogenic scleroderma-like fibrosing systemic
disorder occurring in patients with severe or end-stage renal disease. It was established as …

Current status of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis

LD Besheli, S Aran, K Shaqdan, J Kay, H Abujudeh - Clinical radiology, 2014 - Elsevier
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) occurs in patients with advanced chronic kidney
disease (CKD) or acute renal failure, most commonly following exposure to gadolinium …

Gadolinium-induced fibrosis

DJ Todd, J Kay - Annual review of medicine, 2016 - annualreviews.org
Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs), once believed to be safe for patients with renal
disease, have been strongly associated with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), a severe …

Gadolinium tissue distribution in a large-animal model after a single dose of gadolinium-based contrast agents

H Richter, P Bücker, LF Martin, C Dunker, S Fingerhut… - Radiology, 2021 - pubs.rsna.org
Background There is an ongoing scientific debate about the degree and clinical importance
of gadolinium deposition in the brain and other organs after administration of gadolinium …

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a systemic fibrosing disease resulting from gadolinium exposure

EJ Bernstein, C Schmidt-Lauber, J Kay - Best Practice & Research Clinical …, 2012 - Elsevier
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is an iatrogenic fibrosing disorder that primarily affects
individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) following exposure to gadolinium-based …

Porous polymersomes with encapsulated Gd‐labeled dendrimers as highly efficient MRI contrast agents

Z Cheng, DLJ Thorek… - Advanced functional …, 2009 - Wiley Online Library
The use of nanovesicles with encapsulated Gd as magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents
has largely been ignored due to the detrimental effects of the slow water exchange rate …

Gadolinium‐based contrast agents and NSF: evidence from animal experience

MA Sieber, T Steger‐Hartmann… - Journal of Magnetic …, 2009 - Wiley Online Library
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a potentially severe systemic disease typically
characterized by fibrosis of the skin and connective tissues. The etiology of NSF is still …

Innate immunity and inflammation in systemic sclerosis

R Lafyatis, M York - Current opinion in rheumatology, 2009 - journals.lww.com
These observations provide a new paradigm for understanding the relationship between
immunity/inflammation and fibrosis. New therapeutics, including TLR agonists and …