Through annual epidemics and global pandemics, influenza A viruses (IAVs) remain a
significant threat to human health as the leading cause of severe respiratory disease. Within …

The H9N2 avian influenza (AI) has become endemic in poultry in many countries since the
1990s, which has caused considerable economic losses in the poultry industry. Considering …

Hemagglutinins (HAs) from human influenza viruses descend from avian progenitors that
bind α2-3-linked sialosides and must adapt to glycans with α2-6-linked sialic acids on …

Decades have passed since the first discovery of H10-subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) in
chickens in 1949, and it has been detected in many species including mammals such as …

ABSTRACT H10Nx influenza viruses have caused increasing public concern due to their
occasional infection of humans. However, the genesis and biological characteristics of H10 …

The continued emergence of human illness caused by avian influenza viruses (AIVs)
demonstrates the threat of strains such as H5N1, H7N9, H10N8, and now H10N3. The …

H10 subtype avian influenza viruses (AIV) have been circulating in China for 40 years. H10
AIVs in China have expanded their host range from wild birds to domestic poultry and …

Avian influenza viruses pose a continuous threat to both poultry and human health, with
significant economic impact. The ability of viruses to reassort and jump the species barrier …

Avian H10N3 influenza virus has been circulated in waterfowl and territory poultry for
several decades in eastern and southern Asia (1, 2). So far, there has been no reported …

Since the first human infection reported in 2013, H7N9 avian influenza virus (AIV) has been
regarded as a serious threat to human health. In this study, we sought to identify the …