Sepsis, the systemic inflammatory response to infection, represents the major cause of death
in critically ill veterinary patients. Whereas important advances in our understanding of the …

Mononuclear phagocytes are crucial components of the innate host defense system. Cells
such as macrophages and monocytes phagocytose and process pathogens, produce …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved innate immune receptors that
recognize pathogen specific molecular pattern (PAMPs) in an efficient, non-self-reactive …

Toll-like receptors are pattern recognition receptors with which hosts recognize pathogen-
associated molecular patterns (PAMP). This recognition process is translated rapidly into a …

Toll like receptors (TLRs) are the most studied pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) as they
connect the innate to the acquired immune response. To date, there are ten human TLRs …

The exploitation of the genetic factors affecting the health status of farm animals represents
an alternative approach to controlling the diseases caused by microbial pathogens. The …

The multiple banded antigen (MBA) is a predicted virulence factor of Ureaplasma species.
Antigenic variation of the MBA is a potential mechanism by which ureaplasmas avoid …

Paratuberculosis (Johne's disease), caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies
paratuberculosis, is responsible for significant economic losses in livestock industries …

In this study we assessed the basal transcription of genes associated with innate immunity
(ie Nramp1, NOD1, NOD2, TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, and TLR9) in …

Background Immune stress induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) influences the
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. Presence of …