Zooplankton are major consumers of phytoplankton primary production in marine
ecosystems. As such, they represent a critical link for energy and matter transfer between …

This article introduces the second generation CMCC Earth System Model (CMCC‐ESM2)
that extends a number of marine and terrestrial biogeochemical processes with respect to its …

We synthesize and review the impacts of climate change on the physical, chemical, and
biological environments of the Indian Ocean and discuss mitigating actions and knowledge …

Iron is important in regulating the ocean carbon cycle. Although several dissolved and
particulate species participate in oceanic iron cycling, current understanding emphasizes …

Annually, marine phytoplankton convert approximately 50 billion tons of dissolved inorganic
carbon to particulate and dissolved organic carbon, a portion of which is exported to depth …

Southern Ocean primary productivity is principally controlled by adjustments in light and iron
limitation, but the spatial and temporal determinants of iron availability, accessibility, and …

Although iron and light are understood to regulate the Southern Ocean biological carbon
pump, observations have also indicated a possible role for manganese. Low concentrations …

The current generation of Earth system models used by the United Nations to project future
climate scenarios (CMIP6) relies heavily on marine biogeochemical models to track the fate …

Climate change scenarios suggest that large‐scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR) will be
required to maintain global warming below 2° C, leading to renewed attention on ocean iron …

Extreme events can severely impact marine organisms and ecosystems. Of particular
concern are multivariate compound events, namely when conditions are simultaneously …