The use of ordered catalyst layers, based on micro-/nanostructured arrays such as the
ordered Nafion array, has demonstrated great potential in reducing catalyst loading and …

Blending perfluorosulfonic acid (eg Nafion) with other polymers is an effective approach to
reduce the cost and adjust the properties of durable proton conducting membranes. In …

Hypoxia commonly occurs within tumours and is a major cause of radiotherapy resistance.
Clinical outcomes could be improved by locating and selectively increasing the dose …

Free volumes, backbone mobility, crystallinity and proton conductivity of Nafion membranes
upon thermal annealing were intensively studied. The development of size and distribution …

The effect of casting solvent and annealing temperature on microstructure, proton
conductivity, vanadium permeability, mechanical properties as well as single cell …

Physically reinforced short-side-chain perfluorinated sulfonic acid electrolyte membranes
were fabricated by annealing and using a porous support. Five types of solution-cast …

Proton exchange membranes (PEM) serve as indispensable components in fuel cells, flow
batteries, and other electrochemical applications. Over the past six decades, PEMs of …

Perfluorosulfonated poly (arylene ether sulfone) multiblock copolymers have been shown to
be promising as proton exchange membranes. The commonly used approach for …

A tailor-made annealing procedure was developed for Nafion in order to avoid a critical
degradation of the mechanical properties associated with a decrease of the ionic …

The relationship between electrical and morphological properties of annealed Nafion
samples is investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) …