An emerging class of theories concerning the functional structure of the brain takes the
reuse of neural circuitry for various cognitive purposes to be a central organizational …

Learning algebra is difficult for many students in part because of an emphasis on the
memorization of abstract rules. Algebraic reasoners across expertise levels often rely on …

We describe an intervention being developed by our research team, Pushing Symbols (PS).
This intervention is designed to encourage learners to treat symbol systems as physical …

Mere physical experiences of warmth, distance, hardness, and roughness are found to
activate the more abstract psychological concepts that are analogically related to them, such …

The growing recognition by cognitive neuroscientists that areas of vertebrate brains may be
reused for multiple purposes either functionally during development or during evolution …

Presenting evidence from the social brain, we argue that neural reuse is a dynamic, socially
organized process that is influenced ontogenetically and evolutionarily by the cultural …

With his massive redeployment hypothesis (MRH), Anderson claims that novel cognitive
functions are likely to rely on pre-existing circuits already possessing suitable resources …

Anderson's theory is plausible and largely consistent with the data. However, it remains
underspecified on several fronts, and we highlight areas for potential improvement. Reuse is …

Simple specialization cannot account for brain functioning. Yet, we believe Anderson's reuse
can be better explained by re-function. We suggest that functional demands shape brain …

The approximate number system (ANS) theory and the ANS mapping account have been
the most prominent theories on non-symbolic numerosity processing and symbolic number …