Epidemiological evidence links an individual's susceptibility to chronic disease in adult life to
events during their intrauterine phase of development. Biologically this should not be …

Population genomic analyses of high-altitude humans and other vertebrates have identified
numerous candidate genes for hypoxia adaptation, and the physiological pathways …

High-altitude environments provide ideal testing grounds for investigations of mechanism
and process in physiological adaptation. In vertebrates, much of our understanding of the …

High altitudes (> 8,000 ft or 2,500 m) provide an experiment of nature for measuring
adaptation and the physiological processes involved. Studies conducted over the past~ 25 …

Hypoxia is one of the most common and severe challenges to the maintenance of
homeostasis. Oxygen sensing is a property of all tissues, and the response to hypoxia is …

Whether Andean populations are genetically adapted to high altitudes has long been of
interest. Initial studies focused on physiological changes in the O2 transport system that …

High-altitude studies offer insight into the evolutionary processes and physiological
mechanisms affecting the early phases of the human lifespan. Chronic hypoxia slows fetal …

Remodeling of the maternal uterine vasculature during pregnancy is a unique
cardiovascular process that occurs in the adult and results in significant structural and …

1 History 1 2 The atmosphere 16 3 Geography and the human response to altitude 28 4
Genetics and high altitude 40 5 Altitude acclimatization and deterioration 53 6 Control of …

Evolutionary trade-offs required for bipedalism and brain expansion influence the pregnancy
rise in uterine artery (UtA) blood flow and, in turn, reproductive success. We consider the …