Surplus dairy calves consist of all dairy bull calves and any heifer calves not needed as
replacements for the milking herd. The fate of these surplus calves varies by region; for …

Feeding management of the postnatal and preweaning calf has an important impact on calf
growth and development during this critical period and affects the health and well-being of …

There is an increasing interest in using precision dairy technologies (PDT) to monitor real-
time animal behavior and physiology in livestock systems around the world. Although PDT in …

Precision technology devices can measure and detect relative changes in an animal's
behavior to possibly create alerts to intervene and to administer treatments. However, the …

Simple Summary Animal welfare research is intended to address societal concerns
regarding animal care, including natural living concerns. We reviewed the literature on calf …

The care of surplus dairy calves is a significant issue for the United States and Canadian
dairy industries. Surplus dairy calves commonly experience poor welfare as evidenced by …

In the past decade, substantial changes have occurred in the way dairy heifer calves are
managed. The objectives of this study, part of phase I of the 2015 Canadian National Dairy …

The veal and dairy beef sectors are important outlets for surplus calves from the dairy
industry. Surplus calves are defined as calves that are not needed to produce milk, with the …

Although it is recommended to offer free drinking water (called drinking water hereafter)
immediately after birth, producers wait, on average, 17 d to first offer drinking water to …

Data on management practices used with automated milk feeders (AMF) are needed to
identify factors associated with calf health in these systems. The objectives of this …