Unstructured texts dominate data in construction projects. With the achievements of natural
language processing (NLP) techniques, mining unstructured text data for smart construction …

In the construction industry under “Industry 4.0”, Natural Language Processing (NLP) has
been widely used to process and analyze text data to achieve construction intelligence …

Detecting contractual risk information from construction specifications is crucial to
succeeding in construction projects. This paper describes clause classification using the …

Despite the increasing use of natural language processing (NLP) in the construction
domain, no systematic comparison has been conducted between NLP applications in …

Field compliance checking aims to check the compliance of site operations with applicable
construction safety regulations for detecting violations. Relation extraction provides an …

Existing automated compliance checking (ACC) systems require the extraction of
requirements from regulatory documents into computer-processable representations. These …

The advancement of natural language processing and text mining techniques facilitate
automatic non-trivial pattern extraction and knowledge discovery from text data. However …

When bidding on construction projects, contractors need to understand the specifications
properly to manage project risks. However, specifications are mainly analyzed based on …

Contract documents are a critical legal component of a construction project that specify all
wishes and expectations of the owner toward the design, construction, and handover of a …

The European Union (EU) aims to increase the efficiency and productivity of the construction
industry. The EU suggests pairing Building Information Modeling with other digitalization …