From ancient times to the present day, fermentation has been utilized not only for food
preservation but also for enhancing the nutritional and functional properties of foods. This …

Bovine colostrum (BC) is the initial milk an animal produces after giving birth, particularly in
the first few days. Numerous bioactive substances found in BC, including proteins, enzymes …

Background: In the last two decades, the consumption of plant-based dairy substitutes in
place of animal-based milk has increased in different geographic regions of the world. Dairy …

Long since, carbohydrates were thought to be used just as an energy source and structural
material. However, in recent years, with the emergence of the field of glycobiology and …

Human milk oligosaccharides, often known as HMOs, are the third most prevalent solid
component found in human milk. Due to secretor status, race, geographic location, season …