Some nascent proteins that fold within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) never reach their
native state. Misfolded proteins are removed from the folding machinery, dislocated from the …

Earth's carbon, derived from planetesimals in the 1 AU region during accretion of the Solar
System, still retains similarities to carbon found in meteorites (Marty et al. 2013) even after …

Carbonate, the major carbon reservoir on Earth's surface, can enter into the mantle by
subduction. However, evidence for recycled surficial carbonates in the deep mantle is still …

The concentration and distribution of water in the Earth has influenced its evolution
throughout its history. Even at the trace levels contained in the planet's deep interior (mantle …

Earth is unique among the terrestrial planets in our solar system in having a fluid envelope
that fosters life. The secrets behind Earth's habitable climate are well-tuned cycles of carbon …

Geological pathways for the recycling of Earth's surface materials into the mantle are both
driven and obscured by plate tectonics,–. Gauging the extent of this recycling is difficult …

Geothermobarometric calculations for a worldwide database of inclusions in diamond
indicate that formation of the dominant harzburgitic diamond association occurred …

Craton destruction is a dynamic event that plays an important role in Earth's evolution.
Based on comprehensive observations of many studies on the North China Craton (NCC) …

Minerals included in diamonds provide direct information about the petrologic and chemical
environment of diamond crystallization. They record information relating to local and …

Laboratory experiments and seismology data have created a clear theoretical picture of the
most abundant minerals that comprise the deeper parts of the Earth's mantle. Discoveries of …