Excitotoxicity is classically defined as the neuronal damage caused by the excessive
release of glutamate, and subsequent activation of excitatory plasma membrane receptors …

A substantial and diverse body of literature suggests that the pathophysiology of
schizophrenia is related to deficits of bioenergetic function. While antipsychotics are an …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of age-related dementia. Despite
decades of research, the etiology and pathogenesis of AD are not well understood. Brain …

Astrocytes show unique anatomical, morphological, and metabolic features to take up
substrates from the blood and metabolize them for local delivery to active synapses to …

Deficient bioenergetics and diminished redox conservation have been implicated in the
development of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. In this study, the mechanisms …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder that is
believed to have complex genetic and environmental influences in the pathogenesis, but …

Abstract Development of pharmacotherapies that promote remyelination is a high priority for
multiple sclerosis (MS), due to their potential for neuroprotection and restoration of function …

Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a multifunctional ubiquitin-protein
ligase that targets different substrates for ubiquitylation and therefore regulates a variety of …

People with migraine are prone to a brain energy deficit between attacks, through increased
energy demand (hyperexcitable brain) or decreased supply (mitochondrial impairment) …

Since the initial description of astrocytes by neuroanatomists of the nineteenth century, a
critical metabolic role for these cells has been suggested in the central nervous system …