Bioorthogonal chemistry is a set of methods using the chemistry of non-native functional
groups to explore and understand biology in living organisms. In this review, we summarize …

Glycosylation is the most abundant and diverse form of post-translational modification of
proteins that is common to all eukaryotic cells. Enzymatic glycosylation of proteins involves a …

Generating the barriers that protect our inner surfaces from bacteria and other challenges
requires large glycoproteins called mucins. These come in two types, gel-forming and …

Siglecs are a family of sialic acid–binding receptors expressed by cells of the immune
system and a few other cell types capable of modulating immune cell functions upon …

Simple and complex carbohydrates (glycans) have long been known to play major
metabolic, structural and physical roles in biological systems. Targeted microbial binding to …

A layer of mucus covers the surface of all wet epithelia throughout the human body. Mucus is
a hydrogel mainly composed of water, mucins (glycoproteins), DNA, proteins, lipids, and cell …

The structural diversity of glycans on cells—the glycome—is vast and complex to decipher.
Glycan arrays display oligosaccharides and are used to report glycan hapten binding …

Mucins are a large family of heavily O-glycosylated proteins that cover all mucosal surfaces
and constitute the major macromolecules in most body fluids. Mucins are primarily defined …

Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are a family of receptors that
recognize sialoglycans–sialic acid containing glycans that are abundantly present on cell …

The klotho gene encodes a type I single-pass transmembrane protein that contains a large
extracellular domain, a membrane spanning segment, and a short intracellular domain …