Torrefaction is one of the pretreatment processes used to overcome the disadvantages of
using biomass as a fuel such as low energy density, high moisture, and oxygen contents …

Biomass is a potential renewable energy source as it is abundantly available and does not
cost much. However, some property characteristics, such as high moisture content, low …

The torrefaction of biomass is a thermochemical process based on the de composition of
hemicellulose, which is the dominant reaction, while the cellulose and lignin fractions …

As suggested by UNEP, the key to sustainable development is to create a “green economy”
which should encapsulate all three sectors: the industry, the people, and the government …

Micro-cogeneration, also termed micro combined heat and power (MCHP) or residential
cogeneration, is an emerging technology with the potential to provide energy efficiency and …

Supercritical water is a practical processing medium for the treatment of weak black liquor
(WBL) produced from pulp digesters in Kraft mill operations. WBL is characterized as a bio …

With the recent development of the IT technology, the demand for data centers has
significantly increased, and modular data centers have attracted considerable attention …

During the past decade, the global trade of wood pellets has been growing. Rapid increases
in the production and consumption of wood pellets, and predictions on its increased demand …

The rising global human population and per capita demands of needed resources in terms
of water, energy and food is an increasingly challenging dilemma, which increases in …

The share of renewable energy sources in the primary energy use is increasing worldwide.
Given the intermittency of the energy supply from renewables, it is important to increase …