The immune system deploys a multitude of innate and adaptive mechanisms not only to
ward off pathogens but also to prevent malignant transformation (“immune surveillance”) …

Cancer immunotherapy, or the utilization of the body's immune system to attack tumor cells,
has gained prominence over the past few decades as a viable cancer treatment strategy …

Nanotechnology advancements have led to the development of its allied fields, such as
nanoparticle synthesis and their applications in the field of biomedicine. Nanotechnology …

Cancer, being one of the deadliest diseases, poses significant challenges despite the
existence of traditional treatment approaches. This has led to a growing demand for …

Tumor metastasis and recurrence is one of the biggest problems in curing cancers. Due to
the difficulty in complete removal of the primary tumor in traditional surgeries and the poor …

Nanovaccines, a new generation of vaccines that use nanoparticles as carriers and/or
adjuvants, have been widely used in the prevention and treatment of various diseases …

Cobalt is essential to the metabolism of all animals due to its key role in cobalamin, also
known as vitamin B12, the primary biological reservoir of cobalt as an ultra-trace element …

In recent years, Onco-immunotherapies (OIMTs) have been shown to be a potential therapy
option for cancer. Several immunotherapies have received regulatory approval, while many …

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic strategy for cancer
treatment, which can destroy local tumor cells and induce systemic antitumor immune …

Metal‐based nanoparticles are very promising for their applications in cancer diagnosis,
drug delivery and therapy. Breast cancer is the major reason of death in woman especially …